487 research outputs found
Edge Detection: A Collection of Pixel based Approach for Colored Images
The existing traditional edge detection algorithms process a single pixel on
an image at a time, thereby calculating a value which shows the edge magnitude
of the pixel and the edge orientation. Most of these existing algorithms
convert the coloured images into gray scale before detection of edges. However,
this process leads to inaccurate precision of recognized edges, thus producing
false and broken edges in the image. This paper presents a profile modelling
scheme for collection of pixels based on the step and ramp edges, with a view
to reducing the false and broken edges present in the image. The collection of
pixel scheme generated is used with the Vector Order Statistics to reduce the
imprecision of recognized edges when converting from coloured to gray scale
images. The Pratt Figure of Merit (PFOM) is used as a quantitative comparison
between the existing traditional edge detection algorithm and the developed
algorithm as a means of validation. The PFOM value obtained for the developed
algorithm is 0.8480, which showed an improvement over the existing traditional
edge detection algorithms.Comment: 5 Page
Effect of Climate Change on Arable Crop Farmers Productivity in Ibarapa Centra Local Government Area of Oyo State Nigeria
The study was an analysis of the Effect of climate change on arable crop farmers’ productivity in ibarapa central local government of Oyo state, Nigeria. Primary data were collected using structured interview guide, administered on 100 arable crop farmers using multistage sampling technique. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) and inferential (partial correlation) statistical tools. The result showed that the mean age was 47.6years while 97% were married. However 97.00% of the arable crop farmers reported to have had malaria attack occasionally within the last10 years and 83.00% in the last five years while 64% reported malaria occurrence within the last one year.Majority (83.00%) of the respondent stated that erratic rainfall as compared to other causes had more effect on their productivity while just a few (7.00%) of the respondent claimed that low heat was the cause of their low productivity. The hypothesis tested revealed that the socioeconomic characteristics of the arable crop farmers such as age (0.7490), sex (0.3200), household size (0.4580), income (0.5500) and educational status (0.3240) had significant positive relationship with their levels of productivity. It was recommended that the arable crop farmers should form farmers association to pool resources together to acquire irrigation gadgets so as to alleviate the problem of erratic nature of rainfall in the area and Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) should be more alive to her weather forecast responsibilities in the area of using diverse languages of the people in the Nigerian agricultural zones. Keywords:Climate Change, Arable crop, Farmers, Productivity
A Modified Real-Time Fault-Tolerant Task Allocation Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks
In WSNs, the sensor nodes are at risk of failure and malicious attacks (selective forwarding). This may have a profound negative effect when you consider real-time WSNs, making them challenging to deploy. When there is a delay in tasks allocation execution processes in real-time WSNs because of sensor nodes failures, this will cause disastrous consequences if the systems are safety-critical, e.g. aircraft, nuclear power plant, forest fire detection, battlefield monitoring, thus the need to developed a real-time system that is fault-tolerable. This paper developed a modified real-time fault-tolerant task allocation scheme (mRFTAS) for WSNs (wireless sensor networks), using active replication techniques. mRFTAS and RFTAS performance were compared using time of execution of the task, network lifetime and reliability cost. The mRFTAS performance showed an improvement over that of RFTAS when it comes to reducing the time it takes for task execution by 45.56% and reliability cost of 7.99% while prolonging the network lifetime by 36.35%
Coherent states for polynomial su(1,1) algebra and a conditionally solvable system
In a previous paper [{\it J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.} {\bf 40} (2007) 11105],
we constructed a class of coherent states for a polynomially deformed
algebra. In this paper, we first prepare the discrete representations of the
nonlinearly deformed algebra. Then we extend the previous procedure
to construct a discrete class of coherent states for a polynomial su(1,1)
algebra which contains the Barut-Girardello set and the Perelomov set of the
SU(1,1) coherent states as special cases. We also construct coherent states for
the cubic algebra related to the conditionally solvable radial oscillator
problem.Comment: 2 figure
An adaptive wavelet transformation filtering algorithm for improving road anomaly detection and characterization in vehicular technology
Accelerometers are widely used in modern vehicular technologies to automatically detect and characterize road anomalies such as potholes and bumps. However, measurements from an accelerometer are usually plagued by high noise levels, which typically increase the false alarm and misdetection rates of an anomaly detection system. To address this problem, we have developed in this paper an adaptive threshold estimation technique to filter accelerometer measurements effectively to improve road anomaly detection and characterization in vehicular technologies. Our algorithm decomposes the output signal of an accelerometer into multiple scales using wavelet transformation (WT). Then, it correlates the wavelet coefficients across adjacent scales and classifies them using a newly proposed adaptive threshold technique. Furthermore, our algorithm uses a spatial filter to smoothen further the correlated coefficients before using these coefficients to detect road anomalies. Our algorithm then characterizes the detected road anomalies using two unique features obtained from the filtered wavelet coefficients to differentiate potholes from bumps. The findings from several comparative tests suggest that our algorithm successfully detects and characterizes road anomalies with high levels of accuracy, precision and low false alarm rates as compared to other known methods
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN IMPROVED ELECTRO-MECHANICAL YAM POUNDING MACHINE
Yam is one of the oldest known recipes to man, which belongs to the class of carbohydrate and has been a part of the African meals for centuries. Pounded yam is generally accepted food prepared from yam tuber using indigenous method or equipment. Replacing such energy in cooking and yam pounding operation became expedient due to many reasons including tedious, laborious and very difficult. Materials to be used for construction of the electro-mechanical pounding machine were sourced locally and three different varieties of yam were used for its performance evaluation. It was observed from the result that the efficiency of the machine is high [98.75% (white yam), 99.70% (yellow yam), and 99.10% (water yam)]. The percentage lump and pounding capacity for white yam, yellow yam and water yam were 1.25, 3.49, 0.90 and 31.71, 29.68, 27.73g/s respectively
Effect of different machining parameters on the surface roughness of aluminium alloys based on Si and Mg content
Aluminium-based alloys are considered lengthily for many applications in engineering areas due to their good mechanical properties. Machining these alloys had attracted the attention of many researchers on how to improve the machining, especially when high manufacturing rate is demanded. Usually, machining these materials poses some difficulties such as burr formation, roughness of the surface, continuous chip formation and build-up edge on cutting edge. In this study, AA6061T6, LM6 and AA5083 aluminium-based alloys were considered to research the optimum drilling parameters with the aim to address the earlier started challenges. Drillings were carried out by using a MAHO three-axis CNC drilling machine with an HSS drilling bit at three different spindle speeds and feed rates. From the results, it was established that each aluminium alloy has different surface roughnesses and this surface roughness decreases as spindle speeds increased. A minimum build-up edge was achieved for AA5083 and AA6061T6 alloys. However, a relatively high BUE was noticed in LM6
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